English Tenses.

시제 (English Tenses)

영어에는 한국의 시제와 다르게 12가지의 시제가 있다.

Simple Present - 단순 현재

Simple Past - 단순 과거

Simple Future - 단순 미래

Present Progressive - 현재 진행

Past Progressive - 과거 진행

Future Progressive - 미래 진행

Present Perfect - 현재 완료

Past Perfect - 과거 완료

Future Perfect - 미래 완료

Present Progressive Perfect - 현재 완료 진행

Past Progressive Perfect - 과거 완료 진행

Future Progressive Perfect - 미래 완료 진행

한국의 과거, 현재, 미래에 비하면 뭐가 이렇게 많을까? 

생각 해보니, 영어라는 언어가 상당히 디테일하고 정확한 표현을 요하는 문화에서 

시작되었다는 것을 유추해볼 수 있다. 언어는 곧 문화를 반영하기 때문이다.

그래서 각 시제별 가벼운 예를 표로 만들어 보았다.

Tense	Affirmative / Negative / Question
Simple Present   (단순 현재)	A : He is speak.  N : He doesn't speak.  Q : Does he speak?
Simple Past  (단순 과거)	A : He spoke.  N : He didn't spoke.  Q : Did he spoke?
Simple Future  (단순 미래)	A : He is going to speak. or (He will speak.)  N : He isn't going to speak. or (He will not speak.)  Q : Is he going to speak? or (will he speak?)
Present Progressive   (현재 진행)	A : He is speaking.  N : He isn't speaking.  Q : Is he speaking?
Past Progressive   (과거 진행)	A : He was speaking.  N : He wasn't speaking.  Q : Was he speaking?
Future Progressive  (미래 진행)	A : He will be speaking.  N : He will not be speaking.  Q : will he be speaking?
Present Perfect   (현재 완료)	A : He has spoken.   N : He has not spoken.  Q : Has he spoken?
Past Perfect   (과거 완료)	A : He had spoken.  N : He had not spoken.  Q : Had he spoken?
Future Perfect  (미래 완료)	A : He will have spoken.  N : He will not have spoken.  Q : Will he have spoken?
Present Progressive Perfect    (현재 완료 진행)	A : He has been speaking.  N : He has not been speaking.  Q : Has he been speaking?
Past Progressive Perfect   (과거 완료 진행)	A : He had been speaking.  N : He had not been speaking.  Q : Had he been speaking?
Future Progressive Perfect   (미래 완료 진행)	A : He will have spoken.  N : He will not have spoken.  Q : Will he have spoken?

디테일한 표현에 있어서의 뇌구조가 이토록 다르기 때문에 시제를 구별하기 위해서는

항상 시간의 순서에 의해 사고하는 습관을 들여야 자연스럽게 말 할 수 있을것이다.